The miraculous economic growth in China has, since the mid-1980s, been accompanied by rapidly rising inequality. This is slowing down poverty reduction and is tearing at China’s social fabric. Understanding the causes and implications of this rising inequality is thus critical. This volume provides the most up to date and thorough empirical analyses of these crucial issues by leading China scholars. It should be required reading for China scholars as well as policy-makers trying to address this worrying rise in inequality. —Stephan Klasen, Professor of Economics, University of Göttingen; Director, Courant Center ‘Poverty, Equity, and Growth in Developing and Transition Countries’; Editor, The Review of Income and Wealth