Working Paper

The recent history of Zaire presents a unique opportunity to understand and explain humanitarian emergencies. This monograph follows an inductive approach in analysing the trajectory of state-building in Zaire as a significant explanatory variable of...

• Humanitarian assistance
• Political science
• Poverty

Working Paper

• Economic development
• Regional economics
• Social conflict

Working Paper

Food marketing is one of the fields where structural adjustment has been implemented throughout the Sub-Saharan Africa. This study analyses the impact of reform on the functioning and efficiency of food marketing. It is based on a comparative...

• Agriculture and state
• Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
• Food industry and trade

Working Paper

This paper aims to assess the impact that the impoverishment process has had on IPD health dynamics and micronutrient-related morbidity via the changes which have occurred in food consumption in terms of average intake, its distribution and the...

• Consumption
• Economic conditions
• Health

Working Paper

• Discrimination in employment
• Economic policy
• Structural adjustment (Economic policy)

Working Paper

Water and food scarcity are among the major problems that mankind faces today and will increasingly face in the coming decades. They are likely to have ecological effects on a global scale, are probably sources of social and political instability...

• Economic growth
• Land use
• Pollution

Working Paper

• Agriculture and state
• Central planning
• Famine

Working Paper

• Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
• Labour market
• Labour policy

Working Paper

• Sociology of economics
• Theory of Knowledge
• Public welfare

Working Paper

• Economic development
• History of economics
• Social conflict

Working Paper

• Economic policy
• Financial institutions, International
• International agencies

Working Paper

• Environmental policy
• Natural disasters
• Renewable energy

Working Paper

Liberalization of food marketings has been implemented as a part of structural adjustment programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study we assess the i) the aims of the reform policy, ii) the implementation of specific reform measures, iii) the...

• Agriculture and state
• Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
• Food industry and trade

Working Paper

The transition from plan to market has fundamentally transformed the social structure in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. The small Central Asian Republic of Kyrgyzstan exemplifies these changes.Using data from nationally...

• Econometric models (Economic development)
• Equality and inequality
• Post-communism

Working Paper

An important feature of aid to developing countries is that it is given to the government. As a result, aid should be expected to affect fiscal behaviour, although theory and existing evidence is ambiguous regarding the nature of these effects. This...

• Economic assistance and foreign aid
• Econometric models (Economic development)
• Public expenditures

Working Paper

In this paper we explore what impact, if any, government debts have on achieving the Millennium Development Goals for the Indian states. To fulfill the goals, national governments, especially in the developing world, have to undertake major...

• Public debt
• Economic development
• Fiscal policy

Working Paper

The industrialization which started in 1953 had been completely disrupted by the chronic civil war and closed-door policy of successive communism/socialism regimes. Since 1993 Cambodia has embraced a market economy heavily dependent on foreign...

• Industrial policy

Working Paper

• Capital assets pricing model
• Capital market
• Economic policy

Working Paper

• Social values

Working Paper

• Econometric models (Economic development)
• Health
• International agencies

Working Paper

• Theory of Knowledge

Working Paper

• History of economists
• Public welfare
• Welfare economics

Working Paper

• Equality and inequality
• Families
• Women

Working Paper

Already in the 1950s it became clear that, in spite of its widespread use, the per capita gross national product is an insufficient measure of the well-being of citizens. Thus, in 1954, an expert group within the United Nations suggested that one...

• Equality and inequality
• Poverty
• Welfare economics

Working Paper

• Decision making
• Health
• Healthcare

Working Paper

• Capital market
• Public debt
• Financial crisis

Working Paper

• Fiscal policy
• Foreign exchange
• Free trade

Working Paper

In high HIV-prevalence contexts, marriage can lead to significant risks through spousal behaviours. Yet, individuals cannot rely on their spouse to reveal their HIV status. Couples’ HIV testing and counselling can provide spouses with credible...

• HIV prevention
• Field experiment
• Subjective beliefs

Working Paper

Energy subsidy reform is critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and tackling climate change. This paper sets out the evidence on the scale of subsidies and their impact. It then reviews the actions of donors in encouraging and...

• Energy subsidies
• Fuel subsidies
• Aid

Working Paper

This paper extends UNU-WIDER Working Paper 2016/79, which examined the economic situation in Tanzania during the resurgence of gold and diamond production after 1999, with the situation that emerged as the country began to exploit its very large...

• Tanzania
• Gas
• Liquefied natural gas

Working Paper

In this paper, we study the impact of ethnic fragmentation on the provision of private and public schools, separately. The distinction is made because the two types of schools have different objective functions, a factor which can influence the...

• Ethnic fragmentation
• Private schools
• Public goods provisions

Working Paper

The aim of this paper is to explore the redistributive effects of taxes and benefits in Ecuador using two different approaches: direct use of reported taxes and benefits in household survey data, and use of simulated taxes and benefits obtained from...

• Taxes
• Benefits
• Microsimulation