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      Publications (8336)

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      Book This peer-reviewed research is available free of charge. UNU-WIDER believes that research is a global public good and supports Open Access.
      Mozambique at a Fork in the Road
      – The Institutional Diagnostic Project
      António S. Cruz, Ines A. Ferreira, Johnny Flentø, Finn Tarp - Cambridge University Press , 2023
      BOOK FORTHCOMING AUGUST 2023 | Few countries have experienced as many political and economic changes as Mozambique. A vast and diverse country, it faced a particularly difficult start after a long period of colonial dominance followed by a deadly war that formally ended only in 1992. However...
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      Tanzanian currency, photo: Imani Nsamila / UNU-WIDER
      What determines tax revenues mobilization?
      Antonio Savoia - Turin Centre on Emerging Economies , 2023 - Turin, Italy
      Tax revenues and political institutions placing constraints on the executive power may reinforce each other over time and this may also bring a shift in the composition of revenues. To test these hypotheses, we use historical cross-country data covering 31 countries for 1800– 2012. Results confirm...
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      Journal Article This peer-reviewed research is available free of charge. UNU-WIDER believes that research is a global public good and supports Open Access.
      Problematizing state capacity
      – The Rwandan case
      Leander Heldring, James A. Robinson - Journal of Institutional Economics , 2023
      Part of Journal Special Issue
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      Journal Article This peer-reviewed research is available free of charge. UNU-WIDER believes that research is a global public good and supports Open Access.
      Fiscal capacity in non-democratic states
      – The origins and expansion of the income tax
      Per F. Andersson - Journal of Institutional Economics , 2023
      Part of Journal Special Issue
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      Journal Article This peer-reviewed research is available free of charge. UNU-WIDER believes that research is a global public good and supports Open Access.
      Conceptualizing the fiscal state
      – Implications for sub-Saharan Africa
      Matilde Jeppesen, Ane Karoline Bak, Anne Mette Kjaer - Journal of Institutional Economics , 2023
      Part of Journal Special Issue
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      Journal Article This peer-reviewed research is available free of charge. UNU-WIDER believes that research is a global public good and supports Open Access.
      Clientelistic politics and pro-poor targeting
      – Rules versus discretionary budgets
      Dilip Mookherjee, Anusha Nath - World Development , 2023
      Part of Journal Special Issue Clientelist Politics and Development
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      Book This peer-reviewed research is available free of charge. UNU-WIDER believes that research is a global public good and supports Open Access.
      Tasks, skills, and institutions
      – The changing nature of work and inequality
      Carlos Gradín, Piotr Lewandowski, Simone Schotte, Kunal Sen - Oxford University Press , 2023 - Oxford
      - ESTIMATED PUBLICATION DATE: 22 June 2023 - Developed countries have experienced a polarization in earnings and in employment, namely stronger growth in the earnings and jobs for the most and least skilled workers at the expense of those in the middle. This pattern has been attributed to...
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      Clientelism and targeting of welfare benefits: Can a centralized formula-based system do better?
      Dilip Mookherjee, Anusha Nath - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      Local governments in India—known as panchayats—are sometimes criticised for failing to deliver benefits earmarked for vulnerable regions or households to the intended recipients. Mis-targeting of benefits is often attributed to political clientelism, where funds are diverted opportunistically to...
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      Cover image Latin American SOUTHMOD countries 052023 Unsplash
      SOUTHMOD family extended
      – Welcome to the three new Latin American teams
      Anna Toppari, Jesse Lastunen - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      How would progressive income taxation affect income inequality in Bolivia? What are the costs and benefits of implementing a state pension in Colombia? Which social protection policies reduce income poverty in Peru? In addition to the nine pre-existing countries with their own tailored tax-benefit...
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      Panel on recovery and reconstruction in Ukraine
      After the war – thinking about reconstruction in Ukraine
      Patricia Justino - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      Russia’s military involvement in Ukraine began in March 2014 with the annexation of Crimea, but it wasn’t until February 2022 that Russia shocked the world with a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, starting Europe’s biggest war since WWII. Defeating expectations that Russian military forces would...
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      Pension funds blog Tanzanian currency Imani Nsamila
      91% of sub-Saharan African workers don’t save for old age
      – Why that’s a problem and how to fix it
      Owen Nyang'oro - The Conversation , 2023 - Paris, France
      Less than 10% of the workers in sub-Saharan Africa save for old age, the lowest rate for any region in the world. That implies most of the breadwinners today won’t be able to afford basic items after retirement. A pension plan is meant to commit employers to make regular savings so that employees...
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      Photo by Michal Matlon on Unsplash
      Does political clientelism lead to higher corruption and a weaker rule of law?
      Staffan I. Lindberg, Maria C. Lo Bue, Kunal Sen - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      Political clientelism is the strategic, discretionary, and targeted exchange of goods and services between politicians and voters for political support. In many low- and middle-income countries, clientelistic practices such as vote-buying and ‘machine politics’ are ubiquitous. While clientelism is...
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      Photo by Arnaud Jaegers on Unsplash
      Social ties amongst lower-income citizens shape support for vote-buying candidates
      Prisca Jöst, Ellen Lust - LSE Blogs , 2023 - London, UK
      Across Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia, political candidates often attempt to buy the votes of the most socio-economically deprived communities. But new research from Prisca Jöst and Ellen Lust argues that social cohesion in these communities is instrumental in determining the levels of support for...
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      Blog
      Breaking the cycle of clientelism: How access to formal networks can empower the poor
      Nico Ravanilla, Allen Hicken - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      In democracies around the world, election season is often associated with the power of political machines and their attempts to sway voters in their favour. While some of these efforts are overt, such as candidate debates and television ads, many rely on more pernicious strategies like electoral...
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      Report pdf
      UNU-WIDER Annual Report 2022
      UNU -WIDER - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      Partnerships have always been crucial for UNU-WIDER's work. The last few years living amid a global pandemic have been a good reminder of the value of our trusted friends and partners all around the world, both personally and professionally. The theme of this year’s annual report is partnerships...
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      Partnerships with Global South governments improve development policy and support achieving the Global Goals
      Timothy Shipp - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      In Mozambique, Tanzania, South Africa, Uganda, and elsewhere, UNU-WIDER is on the ground to support national development plans, collect and create data for economic analysis and national and international policy processes, and build the capacity of government officials to develop national economies...
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      Working together on the puzzle of peace
      – The role of partnerships
      Patricia Justino - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      When the theme for the first WIDER Development Conference of 2022—peace, security, and conflict—was chosen some years ago, no one could have predicted how close to home the topic would be. As we welcomed our conference guests to Helsinki on that day, everyone’s thoughts were with our Ukrainian...
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      Partnering for development
      Dominik Etienne - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      At UNU-WIDER, all our work is implemented through partnerships, collaboration, and co-creation. Through those connections, we make a meaningful contribution to the advancement of knowledge in the key development challenges of our time. We act as a facilitator for debate and engagement between our...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Colombia - COLMOD v2.3
      David Rodríguez, Santiago Rojas, Angie Paredes, Mateo Zapata - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents COLMOD, the SOUTHMOD micrososimulation model developed for Colombia. It describes the different tax–benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model takes advantage of these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Bolivia - BOLMOD v2.0
      Cristina Arancibia, David Macas - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents BOLMOD, the SOUTHMOD micrososimulation model developed for Bolivia. It describes the different tax–benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model takes advantage of these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Peru - PERUMOD v2.4
      Javier Torres, Rodrigo Chang - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents PERUMOD, the SOUTHMOD micrososimulation model developed for Peru. It describes the different tax–benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model takes advantage of these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Ecuador - ECUAMOD v4.2
      Xavier Jara, Fernando Martín, Lourdes Montesdeoca, Leonardo Vera, María Gabriela Colmenarez - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents ECUAMOD, the SOUTHMOD micrososimulation model developed for Ecuador. It describes the different tax–benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model takes advantage of these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Viet Nam - VNMOD v3.3
      Duong Anh Nguyen, Minh Binh Tran, Anh Mai Le - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents VNMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Viet Nam. This work has been carried out by the Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM) in collaboration with UNU-WIDER and SASPRI. The results presented in this report are derived using VNMOD version 3.3 running on EUROMOD...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Zambia - MicroZAMOD v2.15
      Mbewe Kalikeka, Miselo Bwalya, Sylvia Mwamba, Christopher Bowa, Katrin Gasior, David McLennan - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents MicroZAMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Zambia. This work was carried out by Zambia Institute for Policy Analysis & Research (ZIPAR) in collaboration with the project partners. The results presented in this report are derived using MicroZAMOD version 2.15 running on...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Uganda - UGAMOD v2.0
      Ronald Waiswa, Joseph Okello Ayo, Susan Kavuma, David McLennan, Michael Noble, Gemma Wright - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents UGAMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Uganda. It describes the different tax–benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model picks up these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of UGAMOD results against...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Tanzania - TAZMOD v2.8
      Vincent Leyaro, Elineema Kisanga, Mgeni Msafiri, Michael Noble, Gemma Wright, Rodrigo Oliveira - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents TAZMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Tanzania Mainland. It describes the different tax–benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model picks up these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of TAZMOD results...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Mozambique - MOZMOD v2.10
      Vanda Castelo, Finório Castigo, José Cardoso, Michael Noble, Rodrigo Oliveira, Gemma Wright - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents MOZMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Mozambique. It describes the different tax-benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model picks up these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of MOZMOD results against...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Ethiopia - ETMOD v3.0
      Adnan Abdulaziz Shahir, Francesco Figari, Abas Mohammed Ali - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents ETMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Ethiopia. The Ethiopian national team currently includes Adnan A. Shahir, Abas Mohammed Ali, and Francesco Figari, who are responsible for the 2022 model update and this report. The results presented here are derived using ETMOD version 3...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Ghana - GHAMOD v2.6
      Kwabena Adu-Ababio, Robert Darko Osei, Jukka Pirttilä, Pia Rattenhuber - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents GHAMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Ghana. The report describes the different tax-benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model picks up these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of GHAMOD results...
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      Report pdf
      SOUTHMOD country report Rwanda - RWAMOD v1.0
      Antoine de Mahieu, Jeannette Mukangango, Theogene Harerimana, Jesse Lastunen, Naphtal Hakizimana, John Karangwa, Aimable Nsabimana, Lucie Niyigena, Michael Noble, Gemma Wright - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      This report documents RWAMOD, the SOUTHMOD model developed for Rwanda. It describes the different tax-benefit policies in place, how the microsimulation model picks up these different provisions, and the database on which the model runs. It concludes with a validation of RWAMOD results against...
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      Working Paper pdf
      Digital de-industrialization, global value chains, and structural transformation
      – Empirical evidence from low- and middle-income countries
      Karishma Banga, Pankhury Harbansh, Surendar Singh - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      Digitalization and shifting patterns of globalization are fast changing the rules of the game for countries embarking on a path of industrialization. In this study, we empirically examine the impact of digitalization and global value chains on structural transformation using a cross-country panel of...
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      Working Paper pdf
      Structural transformation and international trade
      – Evidence from the China shock
      Clément Nedoncelle, Julien Wolfersberger - UNU-WIDER , 2023 - Helsinki, Finland
      How does international trade affect structural transformation in developing countries? We use data on sectoral allocation of labour and value-added in 46 developing economies over the period 1995–2017 and exploit for identification plausibly exogenous variation in manufacturing imports from China...
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